Morphological characterization of the interaction between Diplocarpon rosae and various rose species     

O. Blechert  T. Debener † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(1):82-90

Blackspot, caused by Diplocarpon rosae , is the most severe and ubiquitous disease of garden roses, but information is lacking about genotype-specific forms of resistance and susceptibility of the host. Macro- and microscopic analyses of 34 rose genotypes with a defined monoconidial culture black spot inoculum identified susceptible and resistant rose genotypes and further genotype-specific subdivisions, indicating the presence of partial forms of resistance and different resistance mechanisms. In total, eight interaction types were characterized, five representing compatible (types 1–5) and three representing incompatible interactions (types 6–8). The incompatible interactions were characterized by the lack of any visible fungal structures beneath the cuticle (type 8), single-cell necroses (type 7) or necroses of larger cell clusters (type 6), the latter two types with penetration hyphae and haustoria in epidermal cells.  相似文献   

Pilot Production of Hatchery-Reared Summer Flounder Paralichthys dentatus in a Marine Recirculating Aquaculture System: The Effects of Ration Level on Growth, Feed Conversion, and Survival     

Patrick M.  Carroll Wade O.  Watanabe Thomas M.  Losordo 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2005,36(1):120-128

Pilot‐scale trials were conducted to evaluate growout performance of hatchery‐reared summer flounder fingerlings in a state‐of‐the‐art recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The outdoor RAS consisted of four 4.57‐m dia × 0.69‐m deep (vol. =11.3 m³) covered, insulated tanks and associated water treatment components. Fingerlings (85.1 g mean initial weight) supplied by a commercial hatchery were stocked into two tanks at a density of 1,014 fish/tank (7.63 kg/m³). Fish were fed an extruded dry floating diet consisting of 50% protein and 12% lipid. The temperature was maintained between 20 C and 23 C and the salinity was 34 ppt. Under these conditions, growth, growth variation (CV_wt), feed utilization, and survival of fish fed to 100% and 82% of a satiation rate were compared. Due to clear changes in growth patterns during the study, data was analyzed in three phases. During phase 1 (d 1–d 196), fish showed rapid growth, reaching a mean weight of 288 g ± 105 and 316 g ± 102, with a CV_wt of 0.36 and 0.32 and FCR's of 1.38 and 1.36 in the subsatiation and satiation groups, respectively. During phase 2 (d 196–d 454), fish displayed slower growth reaching mean weights of 392 g ± 144 and 436 g ± 121, with a CV_wt of 0.37 and 0.28, and increasing FCR's of 3.45 and 3.12 in the subsatiation and satiation groups, respectively. During phase 3 (d 454–d 614), fish showed little growth reaching mean weights of 399 g ± 153 and 440 g ± 129, with a CV_wt of 0.38 and 0.29 in the subsatiation and satiation groups, respectively. Over the entire growout period (d 1–d 614), feed conversion ratios were 2.39 and 2.37 and survival was 75% and 81 % in the subsatiation and satiation treatments, respectively. The maximum biomass density reached during the study was 32.3 kg/m³. The satiation feed rate was superior to the 82% satiation rate, since it maximized growth rates, with no effect on FCR. The higher CV_wt in the subsatiation group suggests increased competition for a restricted ration led to a slower growth with more growth variation. The decrease in growth in phases 2 and 3 was probably related to a high percentage of slower growing male fish in the population and the onset of sexual maturity. This study demonstrated that under commercial scale conditions, summer flounder can be successfully grown to a marketable size in a recirculating aquaculture system. Based on these results, it is recommended that a farmer feed at a satiation rate to minimize growout time. More research is needed to maintain high growth rates through marketable sizes through all‐female production and/or inhibition of sexual maturity.  相似文献   

Further studies of the clinical pathology of sweating sickness in cattle     

S R van Amstel  F Reyers  P T Oberem  O Matthee 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1987,54(1):45-48

Experimentally-induced cases of sweating sickness in calves were used in an effort to correlate the blood chemistry with some of the known pathological changes. Results showed that the "sweating" associated with necrotic dermatitis did not alter blood electrolyte levels. Laboratory evidence of a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy was found which correlated with the microthrombi described in cases of sweating sickness. A high blood cortisol level was found in one of the animals that died from the disease and could possibly be used as a prognostic indicator in clinical cases. Recommendations are made with regard to the supportive treatment based on the clinical pathological findings.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

P. M. Hocking  B. O. Hughes  W. T. Jackson  Ron G. Board  F. T. W. Jordan 《British poultry science》1991,32(5):1141-1146

Recent Advances in Turkey Science. Edited by C. Nixey and T. C. Grey, Poultry Science Symposium Number 21. London, Butterworths, ISBN 0 408 00971 3

Egg and Eggshell Quality. Sally E. Solomon, 1991, 149 pp., illustrated. London, Wolfe Publishing Ltd., £35.00, ISBN 0 7234 1647 8.

Aleen Cust, Veterinary Surgeon, Britain's First Woman Vet. Connie M. Ford, 1990, 109 pp., £5.99, Bristol, Biopress Ltd., The Orchard, Clanage Road, ISBN 0 948737 11 5.

Avian Incubation. Edited by S. G. Tullett, 1991, xiv + 335 pp., illustrated. London, Butterworth‐Heinemann. £00.00, $00.00. ISBN 0–7506–1002–6.

A Colour Atlas of Diseases & Disorders of the Domestic Fowl & Turkey. Edited by C. J. Randall, second edition, 1991, 175 pages, 432 illustrations in colour. London, Wolfe Publishing Ltd, £35, ISBN 0723416281.  相似文献   

Comparison of serum osteocalcin concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity as indicators of bone activity in a foal following surgery          下载免费PDF全文

Lepage OM  Marcoux M 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1991,32(4):239-240

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Lighthearted nomenclature: organic chemistry: the name game     

Dermer OC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,239(4844):1184-1185

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Species specialization-another perspective          下载免费PDF全文

Anvik JO  Colontino J  Gudmundson J  Hitt ME 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(2):111-113

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An exploration of Cryoprotective compounds for fowl spermatozoa     

P.E. Lake  O. Ravie 《British poultry science》1984,25(1):145-150

1. Glycerol is an effective cryoprotective for fowl spermatozoa, but after thawing the frozen semen it must be reduced in concentration from the level adequate to protect spermatozoa during freezing, otherwise it has a contraceptive action.

2. A series of alternative cryoprotective compounds were tested for their effect on fertility when fowl spermatozoa were inseminated fresh in their presence. Under these circumstances dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylaceta‐mide, ethane‐diol, propane‐diol and methylpyrrolidone did not depress fertility when used in concentrations equivalent to that of glycerol or in amounts reported previously to be non‐toxic and adequate to protect cells during freezing.

3. Dimethylacetamide was compared with propane‐diol for use in freezing fowl semen and the former enabled encouraging levels of fertility to be obtained.  相似文献   

Acetaminophen toxicosis in a cat          下载免费PDF全文

Anvik JO 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(12):445-447

A seven month old domestic shorthaired male cat was presented with a known history of acetaminophen ingestion. Clinical findings included icterus, depression, hypothermia, tachypnea and pronounced edema of the head and neck. Treatment was aimed at providing substrate to assist in conjugation of the drug and reversing methemoglobinemia. Administration of oral acetylcysteine, ascorbic acid and IV fluids was insufficient in this case due to a delay in initiation of treatment. The salient postmortem findings were icterus, subcutaneous and pulmonary edema and evidence of hemolysis in the liver, spleen and urinary tract.  相似文献   

Behavior of ewes and lambs subjected to restraint fostering     

E O Price  M Dunbar  M R Dally 《Journal of animal science》1984,58(5):1084-1089

The objective of this study was to investigate the development of maternal-filial social attachments between ewes and alien lambs using the technique of "restraint fostering." Forty-eight to 72 h after parturition, 22 Targhee -type ewes were separated from their natural lambs, placed in restraining devices ( stanchions ) and each exposed to a single alien lamb. After a period of 1 or 4 d of restraint, the ewes were subjected to five 10-min lamb acceptance tests over a 48-h period. The observer recorded butts and butt attempts by the ewe and successful and unsuccessful suckle attempts by the lamb. The ewe-lamb pairs were then housed in pens with other groups of ewes and lambs and observed intermittently for acceptance behaviors. Six of the 14 ewes restrained for 4 d and none of the eight ewes restrained for 24 h met the criterion for successful adoption within 48 h. After being housed in group pens, adoptions were achieved by three ewes in the 1-d group and an additional four ewes in the group restrained for 4 d. Ewes restrained for 24 h were significantly more aggressive toward fostered young than ewes restrained for 4 d. In addition, the proportion of successful suckling attempts was significantly lower for lambs fostered on ewes in the 1-d group. Both groups showed a decline in butts and butt attempts over successive acceptance tests, but while the proportion of successful suckling attempts declined for lambs housed with 1-d ewes, they increased over time for lambs fostered on ewes restrained for 4 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献